HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test)
Hanban/Confucius Institute
Complete guide to passing the HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) exam on your first attempt.
$35-$75
~70-85%
2 years
Global
Hanban/Confucius Institute
Jobs in China, scholarships
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Complete Overview
The HSK (Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi, or Chinese Proficiency Test) is the standardised Chinese-language exam for people who speak Chinese as a second language, run by Chinese Testing International (CTI) under the Center for Language Education and Cooperation. It is taken by applicants to Chinese universities, Chinese government scholarship candidates, and foreign staff of Chinese and multinational employers, and CTI does not publish one worldwide price: fees are set by each test centre, and CTI-hosted mainland China centre notices list 150 yuan for HSK Level 1 rising in 100-yuan steps to 650 yuan for HSK Level 6.
CTI reports 1,477 test centres across 168 countries, more than 30,000 test venues, and about 800,000 candidates served each year. The exam runs in three formats: paper-based, internet-based at a test centre, and internet-based at home, with roughly eleven HSK administration dates published for 2026 for Levels 1 to 6 and two dates for Levels 7 to 9.
Levels 1 and 2 test listening and reading only, out of 200 points, with 120 as the pass mark. Levels 3 to 6 add a writing section and score out of 300 points across listening, reading, and writing at 100 points each. CTI publishes a pass mark of 180 for Level 3 and Level 4, and publishes no pass mark at all for Level 5 or Level 6, reporting only section scores and a total. Speaking sits outside the written exam in the separately scored HSK Speaking Test, marked out of 100 with 60 as the pass mark at each of its Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced levels.
HSK Levels 7 to 9 is a single 210-minute internet-based exam of 98 items spanning listening, reading, writing, translation, and speaking. It reports five separate 0 to 100 skill scores and places the candidate in one of four bands, Below HSK Level 7, HSK Level 7, HSK Level 8, or HSK Level 9, using an item response theory model rather than a fixed cut score.
The test is in transition. CLEC published a new HSK Test Syllabus in November 2025 with an implementation date of July 2026, restructuring the exam around the nine-level framework of the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education (GF0025-2021). CTI ran a first global trial administration and has opened registration for a second global trial on 20 September 2026. Under that trial, Levels 3 to 6 must be registered together with the matching speaking test. Until CTI announces the full switch, scheduled HSK Level 1 to 6 administrations continue to use the structures published on the CTI level pages: 40 questions in about 35 minutes at Level 1, 60 questions in about 50 minutes at Level 2, 80 in about 85 at Level 3, 100 in about 100 at Level 4, 100 in about 120 at Level 5, and 101 in about 135 at Level 6.
Scores stay valid for two years from the test date. CTI releases internet-based written results 15 days after the exam, internet-based speaking results after 20 days, and paper-based written and oral results one month after, with statutory holidays pushing the date back. CTI publishes no pass rate for any HSK level.
Why Get HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) Certified?
CTI reports 1,477 test centres in 168 countries and more than 30,000 test venues, so a candidate outside China usually has a sitting within travelling distance on one of the roughly eleven 2026 dates for Levels 1 to 6.
HSK Level 4 is the level most Chinese-taught degree programmes ask for. Which word list you owe depends on which version you sit: the new CLEC syllabus sets Level 4 at 2,000 cumulative words against 1,000 at Level 3, while the lists governing the regular Level 1 to 6 sittings still on the older structure set Level 4 at 1,200 against 600 at Level 3. Both describe a doubling from Level 3, but the absolute target differs by 800 words.
The written exam has a published pass mark at the levels that gatekeep admissions: 120 of 200 at Levels 1 and 2, and 180 of 300 at Levels 3 and 4. You know the exact number you need before you register.
Results arrive quickly by international-exam standards: 15 days after an internet-based written test, 20 days after an internet-based speaking test, and 30 days after a paper test.
The refund and deferral rules are generous if you book early. CTI gives a full refund up to and including 27 days before the test date, 50 percent between 27 and 10 days out, and a free deferral within that same 27-day window.
Mainland fees published in CTI test centre notices run 150 yuan at Level 1, 250 at Level 2, 350 at Level 3, 450 at Level 4, 550 at Level 5, and 650 at Level 6, with the HSK Speaking Test at 200, 300, and 400 yuan by level.
HSK Levels 7 to 9 is one exam that returns three possible certificates. A single 210-minute sitting places you at Level 7, 8, or 9, so a strong candidate does not have to guess which level to enter.
Exam Format & Structure
Duration
Varies by level. HSK 1: about 35 minutes of testing inside a 40-minute session. HSK 2: about 50 minutes inside 55. HSK 3: about 85 minutes inside 90. HSK 4: about 100 minutes inside 105. HSK 5: about 120 minutes inside 125. HSK 6: about 135 minutes inside 140. Each session includes 5 minutes for filling in personal information. HSK Levels 7 to 9 runs about 210 minutes with one scheduled break. The pacing section of this guide uses HSK 4 as its reference level.
Questions
HSK 1: 40 questions. HSK 2: 60. HSK 3: 80. HSK 4: 100. HSK 5: 100. HSK 6: 101. HSK Levels 7 to 9: 98 items, of which 67 are objective and 31 are subjective. HSK Speaking: 27 items at Elementary, 14 at Intermediate, 6 at Advanced.
Passing Score
HSK 1 and HSK 2: 120 of 200. HSK 3 and HSK 4: 180 of 300. CTI publishes no pass mark for HSK 5 or HSK 6; those levels report listening, reading, writing, and total out of 300 with no stated threshold. HSK Speaking: 60 of 100 at every level. HSK Levels 7 to 9: no pass mark, only a band placement of Below Level 7, Level 7, Level 8, or Level 9.
Question Types
- Listening comprehension items played once, with answers marked on paper or on screen
- Reading comprehension items ranging from single signs and short messages at Level 1 to news reports, scientific articles, survey reports, and academic literature at Levels 7 to 9
- Writing items at Levels 3 to 5 split across two short-answer sections
- A single extended writing task at Level 6, allotted 45 minutes on its own
- Chart description and analysis, plus defending an opinion on a set topic, in the two Levels 7 to 9 writing tasks
- Written and oral translation from a foreign language into Chinese, only in Levels 7 to 9
- HSK Speaking: listen and repeat, listen and answer, picture description, read aloud, and answer the questions, depending on level
- Handwritten Chinese characters in the paper-based writing sections, which is why the syllabus specifies a separate list of characters candidates must be able to write rather than only recognise
Delivery Method
Paper-based at a test centre, internet-based at a test centre, or internet-based at home, depending on what the chosen centre offers. HSK Levels 7 to 9 is currently internet-based only.
- Section Breakdown: HSK 1: listening 20 questions in four sections of 5, about 15 minutes; 3-minute answer transfer; reading 20 questions in four sections of 5, 17 minutes. HSK 2: listening 35 questions (10, 10, 10, 5), about 25 minutes; 3-minute transfer; reading 25 questions (5, 5, 5, 10), 22 minutes. HSK 3: listening 40 questions in four sections of 10, about 35 minutes; 5-minute transfer; reading 30 questions in three sections of 10, 30 minutes; writing 10 questions in two sections of 5, 15 minutes. HSK 4: listening 45 questions (10, 15, 20), about 30 minutes; 5-minute transfer; reading 40 questions (10, 10, 20), 40 minutes; writing 15 questions (10, 5), 25 minutes. HSK 5: listening 45 questions (20, 25), about 30 minutes; 5-minute transfer; reading 45 questions (15, 10, 20), 45 minutes; writing 10 questions (8, 2), 40 minutes. HSK 6: listening 50 questions (15, 15, 20), about 35 minutes; 5-minute transfer; reading 50 questions (10, 10, 10, 20), 50 minutes; writing 1 task, 45 minutes. HSK 7 to 9: listening 40 items in 3 sections, about 30 minutes; reading 47 items in 3 sections, 60 minutes; writing 2 tasks, 55 minutes; translation 4 items, 41 minutes; speaking 5 items in 3 sections, about 24 minutes. The published schedule runs 13:00 to 16:10, a 30-minute break to 16:40, then translation and speaking to 17:10
How scoring works
Score scale
HSK 1 and 2: listening and reading of 100 points each, 200 total. HSK 3 to 6: listening, reading, and writing of 100 points each, 300 total. HSK Speaking: 100 points at each of Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced. HSK Levels 7 to 9: five separately reported skill scores of 0 to 100 for listening, reading, writing, translation, and speaking, plus a band result.
Score needed to pass
120 of 200 at HSK 1 and HSK 2. 180 of 300 at HSK 3 and HSK 4. CTI publishes no pass mark for HSK 5 or HSK 6 and reports only the section scores and total. 60 of 100 at every HSK Speaking level. HSK Levels 7 to 9 has no pass mark and instead assigns one of four outcomes: Below HSK Level 7, HSK Level 7, HSK Level 8, or HSK Level 9.
When results arrive
Internet-based written results are released 15 days after the test date, internet-based speaking results after 20 days, and paper-based written and speaking results after 30 days. Statutory holidays push the release back, in some cases by a week. Candidates check results on the CTI service website using the admission ticket number and name, which is why CTI tells you to keep the admission ticket after the exam. In mainland China the printed score report is couriered within 5 working days of release to the mailing address given at registration; for centres in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or overseas, reports reach the test centre about 45 days after the exam for collection in person.
How the scale is built
For Levels 7 to 9, CTI states that ability values are estimated with an item response theory model from the candidate raw scores, and that band placement follows from those ability values together with the content and difficulty of the items delivered. The measurement model then converts each skill to a reported 0 to 100 score. For Levels 1 to 6, CTI publishes the section maxima and totals but does not publish an equating or scaling method, so treat any raw-to-scaled table you find elsewhere as unverified.
- Validity: Score reports are valid for two years as proof of proficiency, counted from the exam date. There is no renewal or continuing-education mechanism: the only way to hold a current certificate after two years is to sit the exam again.
- Review: Candidates who doubt a result can apply for a score review through the My Account area of the CTI service website. CTI also runs its own investigations where a score looks inconsistent with a candidate's proficiency, where a venue is flagged, or on random technical verification; those reviews typically take 2 to 8 weeks, during which scores are withheld or temporarily pulled.
Pacing and time budget
100 questions in 100 minutes gives you 1 minute per item on average at HSK 4, which is the reference level used here because it is the level most Chinese-taught degree programmes ask for. The average hides very different budgets: about 40 seconds per item across the 45 listening questions in roughly 30 minutes of audio, exactly 60 seconds per item across the 40 reading questions in 40 minutes, and 100 seconds per item across the 15 writing questions in 25 minutes. per question.
Minute 15 of the roughly 30-minute HSK 4 listening section
About 22 of the 45 listening items. The audio plays once and sets the pace for you, so the only real decision is whether you abandon a missed item immediately rather than carrying it into the next one.
The 5-minute answer-sheet transfer window that follows listening
All 45 listening answers transferred to the answer sheet on a paper test. Cross-section answering is banned, so any listening answer still in the booklet when reading starts is lost.
Minute 20 of the 40-minute HSK 4 reading section
The first 20 items, meaning both 10-item sections finished, leaving the full second half of the clock for the 20-item third section.
Minute 35 of the 40-minute HSK 4 reading section
All 40 reading items marked, with the last 5 minutes spent transferring or reviewing rather than still reading.
Minute 12 of the 25-minute HSK 4 writing section
The 10 items of writing section 1, leaving 13 minutes for the 5 items of section 2, which carry more time each.
| At this point | You should have answered |
|---|---|
| Minute 15 of the roughly 30-minute HSK 4 listening section | About 22 of the 45 listening items. The audio plays once and sets the pace for you, so the only real decision is whether you abandon a missed item immediately rather than carrying it into the next one. |
| The 5-minute answer-sheet transfer window that follows listening | All 45 listening answers transferred to the answer sheet on a paper test. Cross-section answering is banned, so any listening answer still in the booklet when reading starts is lost. |
| Minute 20 of the 40-minute HSK 4 reading section | The first 20 items, meaning both 10-item sections finished, leaving the full second half of the clock for the 20-item third section. |
| Minute 35 of the 40-minute HSK 4 reading section | All 40 reading items marked, with the last 5 minutes spent transferring or reviewing rather than still reading. |
| Minute 12 of the 25-minute HSK 4 writing section | The 10 items of writing section 1, leaving 13 minutes for the 5 items of section 2, which carry more time each. |
- The listening section is the only part of the HSK you cannot pace yourself. Everything else is a budgeting problem; listening is a recovery problem, so practise dropping a lost item instantly.
- On paper tests, the 3-minute (Levels 1 and 2) or 5-minute (Levels 3 to 6) transfer window is part of the published timetable, not a bonus. CTI forbids cross-section answering, so treat it as a hard deadline for the listening answers.
- HSK 6 inverts the usual writing tactic: one task with 45 minutes attached. Time spent reading and planning before writing costs nothing extra, because there is no second item waiting.
- HSK 5 gives 40 minutes to only 10 writing items, the most generous per-item writing budget in the exam. HSK 3 gives 15 minutes to 10 items, the tightest.
- At Levels 7 to 9, plan around the published block structure rather than the 210-minute headline: listening, reading, writing, and translation run 13:00 to 16:10, then a 30-minute break, then translation and speaking from 16:40 to 17:10.
- On internet-based tests CTI provides an on-screen draft area for some questions and forbids any stationery. On paper tests the centre issues A4 scratch paper that must be handed back, and personal scratch paper is banned.
Where the marks are
Listening comprehension
100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6; 100 of 200 at HSK 1 and 2
Item counts run 20, 35, 40, 45, 45, and 50 across Levels 1 to 6. Audio plays once, so unlike reading there is no way to buy the marks back later in the section.
Reading comprehension
100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6; 100 of 200 at HSK 1 and 2
The section with the most clock time at every level from 4 upward, and at Levels 7 to 9 it carries 47 of the 98 items across news, scientific, survey, and academic texts.
Level 4 vocabulary threshold
2,000 cumulative words in the November 2025 CLEC syllabus; 1,200 under the older lists still used for regular sittings
Level 4 is the level most Chinese-taught degree programmes require, and it needs double the Level 3 list. Items are set inside the published topic syllabus, so off-list vocabulary is rare.
Handwritten characters in the writing section
100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6
The syllabus publishes a separate writing-character list, 100 characters through Level 2 and 150 more at each of Levels 3 to 6. Recognising a character is not enough on a paper test.
The Level 5 vocabulary step
3,600 cumulative words under the November 2025 syllabus, up 1,600 from Level 4; 2,500 under the older lists, up 1,300
The largest single jump in the lower six levels, and Level 5 also stretches reading to 45 items in 45 minutes. Candidates who pass Level 4 comfortably still stall here.
HSK 6 single writing task
100 of 300 points, delivered as one item
The entire writing score at Level 6 rests on one task with 45 minutes attached. A misread prompt costs a third of the total, with no other writing item to offset it.
Translation at Levels 7 to 9
One of five 0 to 100 skill scores
Four subjective items in 41 minutes, written and oral, from explanatory, narrative, and argumentative source texts. It has no equivalent anywhere in Levels 1 to 6.
HSK Speaking pairing
Scored separately out of 100, pass mark 60
The September 2026 trial requires Levels 3 to 6 candidates to register the matching speaking test at the same time, so a candidate who prepared only the written paper walks into a second scored exam.
| Topic | Weight | Why it scores |
|---|---|---|
| Listening comprehension | 100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6; 100 of 200 at HSK 1 and 2 | Item counts run 20, 35, 40, 45, 45, and 50 across Levels 1 to 6. Audio plays once, so unlike reading there is no way to buy the marks back later in the section. |
| Reading comprehension | 100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6; 100 of 200 at HSK 1 and 2 | The section with the most clock time at every level from 4 upward, and at Levels 7 to 9 it carries 47 of the 98 items across news, scientific, survey, and academic texts. |
| Level 4 vocabulary threshold | 2,000 cumulative words in the November 2025 CLEC syllabus; 1,200 under the older lists still used for regular sittings | Level 4 is the level most Chinese-taught degree programmes require, and it needs double the Level 3 list. Items are set inside the published topic syllabus, so off-list vocabulary is rare. |
| Handwritten characters in the writing section | 100 of 300 points at HSK 3 to 6 | The syllabus publishes a separate writing-character list, 100 characters through Level 2 and 150 more at each of Levels 3 to 6. Recognising a character is not enough on a paper test. |
| The Level 5 vocabulary step | 3,600 cumulative words under the November 2025 syllabus, up 1,600 from Level 4; 2,500 under the older lists, up 1,300 | The largest single jump in the lower six levels, and Level 5 also stretches reading to 45 items in 45 minutes. Candidates who pass Level 4 comfortably still stall here. |
| HSK 6 single writing task | 100 of 300 points, delivered as one item | The entire writing score at Level 6 rests on one task with 45 minutes attached. A misread prompt costs a third of the total, with no other writing item to offset it. |
| Translation at Levels 7 to 9 | One of five 0 to 100 skill scores | Four subjective items in 41 minutes, written and oral, from explanatory, narrative, and argumentative source texts. It has no equivalent anywhere in Levels 1 to 6. |
| HSK Speaking pairing | Scored separately out of 100, pass mark 60 | The September 2026 trial requires Levels 3 to 6 candidates to register the matching speaking test at the same time, so a candidate who prepared only the written paper walks into a second scored exam. |
The numbers
1,477 test centres across 168 countries, more than 30,000 test venues, and more than 60,000 certified staff
Global test infrastructure
Source: Chinese Testing International (CTI), chinesetest.cn homepage
About 800,000
Candidates served each year
Source: Chinese Testing International (CTI), chinesetest.cn homepage
120 of 200 at HSK 1 and 2; 180 of 300 at HSK 3 and 4; none published for HSK 5 or HSK 6; 60 of 100 for each HSK Speaking level
Published pass marks
Source: CTI level pages for HSK 1 to 6 and the HSK Speaking Test at chinesetest.cn
300 words at Level 1, 500 at Level 2, 1,000 at Level 3, 2,000 at Level 4, 3,600 at Level 5, 5,400 at Level 6, and 11,000 across Levels 7 to 9. These are the new-syllabus figures; the older lists governing the regular Levels 1 to 6 sittings run 150, 300, 600, 1,200, 2,500, and 5,000
Cumulative vocabulary by level
Source: Center for Language Education and Cooperation, HSK Test Syllabus, published November 2025 with a July 2026 implementation date
15 days for internet-based written tests, 20 days for internet-based speaking tests, one month for paper-based written and oral tests
Result release intervals
Source: CTI, Exams information for candidates (Chinese Test Regulations), updated 2 April 2026
Eleven dates for HSK Levels 1 to 6 and the HSK Speaking Test; two dates for HSK Levels 7 to 9 (9 May and 22 November)
2026 administration dates
Source: CTI, 2026 test calendar published 25 December 2025
If you fail
Wait before retaking
CTI publishes no minimum waiting period between HSK attempts. The practical constraint is the published calendar, which for 2026 lists eleven HSK Level 1 to 6 dates and two HSK Level 7 to 9 dates.
Attempt limit
CTI publishes no cap on the number of HSK attempts. The one registration restriction it does state is that HSK Level 5 and HSK Level 6 cannot be registered for the same day. Candidates found impersonating another person are banned from the test for two years.
Retake fee
The full fee again, at whatever rate your test centre charges. CTI publishes no reduced retake rate. Mainland test centre notices hosted on the CTI site list 150, 250, 350, 450, 550, and 650 yuan for HSK Levels 1 to 6, plus 200, 300, and 400 yuan for the three HSK Speaking levels.
If you decide before the test that you are not ready, withdrawal is cheaper than failing. CTI refunds the full test service fee up to and including 27 days before the date, 50 percent between 27 and 10 days out, and nothing after that. Deferral runs on the same calendar: free within 27 days, then a fee of 30 percent of the test fee, then nothing. A deferred sitting must happen within six months of the original date and cannot change test centre, subject, level, or format, and only one withdrawal or deferral application is accepted per registration. Because scores last two years and each level is a separate exam, many candidates sit a lower level first as insurance rather than gambling everything on the level their university named.
Exam Domains & Topics
The first section at every level, and the one with the least recoverable time, because the audio plays once and paced answering is not optional. Item counts rise from 20 at Level 1 to 50 at Level 6 and 40 at Levels 7 to 9.
Key Topics to Master:
- Short exchanges about daily-life scenes at Levels 1 and 2
- Study and work scenes from Level 2 upward, per the CLEC ability descriptors
- Extended dialogue and monologue at Levels 5 and 6
- News reports, business negotiations, debates, interviews, speeches, lectures, documentaries, and conference addresses at Levels 7 to 9
- Marking answers in the booklet during play, then using the 3-minute or 5-minute transfer window on paper tests
- Listening speed, which CLEC lists as one of the parameters adjusted in the new syllabus
The largest block of clock time at most levels: 40 minutes for 40 items at HSK 4, 45 for 45 at HSK 5, 50 for 50 at HSK 6, and 60 minutes for 47 items at Levels 7 to 9.
Key Topics to Master:
- Signs, labels, and short messages at Levels 1 and 2
- Cloze and matching formats across the earlier reading sections
- Longer passages with several questions each at Levels 5 and 6
- News reports, scientific articles, survey reports, academic literature, Chinese culture, and overviews of China at Levels 7 to 9
- Recognition characters, which the syllabus lists separately from the characters you must be able to write
- Reading rate, since the HSK 6 reading section allows an average of one minute per item across 50 items
Introduced at Level 3 and reshaped at Level 6, where the entire writing score comes from one task with 45 minutes on the clock. On a paper test this is handwriting, and the syllabus supplies a dedicated list of characters candidates must produce rather than only recognise.
Key Topics to Master:
- Two short sections of 5 items each at Level 3, allotted 15 minutes total
- Two sections of 10 and 5 items at Level 4, allotted 25 minutes
- Two sections of 8 and 2 items at Level 5, allotted 40 minutes
- One extended task at Level 6, allotted 45 minutes
- Handwriting accuracy, since the syllabus writing-character lists run to 100 characters through Level 2, then 150 more at each of Levels 3, 4, 5, and 6
- Chart description, analysis, and defending an opinion in the two Levels 7 to 9 writing tasks
Recorded through a headset rather than assessed by a live examiner. Elementary is 27 items in 20 minutes including 7 minutes of preparation, Intermediate is 14 items in 23 minutes including 10 minutes of preparation, and Advanced is 6 items in 25 minutes including 10 minutes of preparation.
Key Topics to Master:
- Listen and repeat: 15 items at Elementary, 10 at Intermediate, 3 at Advanced
- Listen and answer: 10 items at Elementary only
- Picture description: 2 items at Intermediate only
- Read aloud: 1 item at Advanced only
- Answer the questions: 2 items at Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced alike
- The vocabulary bases CTI states for each level: about 200 words for Elementary, about 900 for Intermediate, about 3,000 for Advanced
Four subjective items across two sections, allotted 41 minutes, covering both written and oral rendering from a foreign language into Chinese. This is the skill that most clearly separates the Levels 7 to 9 exam from everything below it.
Key Topics to Master:
- Written translation into Chinese
- Oral translation into Chinese, recorded in the same session
- Explanatory source texts
- Narrative source texts
- Argumentative source texts
- Working under a 41-minute total budget across four items
The HSK Test Syllabus published by CLEC in November 2025 sets cumulative vocabulary at 300 words for Level 1, 500 for Level 2, 1,000 for Level 3, 2,000 for Level 4, 3,600 for Level 5, 5,400 for Level 6, and 11,000 for Levels 7 to 9. It also publishes topic lists, grammar lists, recognition-character lists, and writing-character lists for every level. Those totals belong to the new syllabus, which carries a July 2026 implementation date and has so far been examined only in the global trial sittings. The regular Level 1 to 6 dates still run on the older structure, whose lists are 150, 300, 600, 1,200, 2,500, and 5,000 words. Confirm which version your sitting uses before you commit to a list.
Key Topics to Master:
- The jump from Level 4 to Level 5: 2,000 to 3,600 words under the new syllabus, 1,200 to 2,500 under the older lists, and the single largest step in the lower six levels either way
- The further 1,800-word step from Level 5 to Level 6
- The 5,600-word gap between Level 6 and the Levels 7 to 9 list
- Writing characters: 100 through Level 2, then 150 added at each of Levels 3, 4, 5, and 6, and 500 more for Levels 7 to 9
- The separate grammar syllabus published per level in the same document
- The topic syllabus, which fixes the situations items can be set in at each level
Recommended Study Plan
- 1Confirm which level your target university, scholarship, or employer actually names, then check the published pass mark: 120 of 200 at Levels 1 and 2, 180 of 300 at Levels 3 and 4, none published at Levels 5 and 6
- 2Download the free official sample papers from the CTI download centre for your target level and the level below
- 3Sit the sample paper for your target level under the real clock: 40, 55, 90, 105, 125, or 140 minutes by level
- 4Score the three sections separately and note which one is furthest from 60 percent of its 100 points
- 5Read the CLEC ability descriptor for your target level so you know what the exam claims you can do
- 1Pull your target level word list out of the HSK Test Syllabus PDF published by CLEC and count how many of the new words you already know
- 2Set a daily quota that clears the remaining words before week 10, against the list your booked sitting actually uses: 300, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,600, and 5,400 for Levels 1 to 6 under the November 2025 syllabus, or 150, 300, 600, 1,200, 2,500, and 5,000 under the older lists
- 3Load the list into a spaced repetition tool with audio, not just character and gloss
- 4Read the topic syllabus for your level so every new word gets attached to a scene the exam actually uses
- 5Start a separate deck for the writing-character list, which is a smaller and different set from the recognition list
- 1Work the listening section of one official sample paper per sitting, never pausing or replaying
- 2Practise abandoning a missed item immediately and moving to the next, which is the specific skill the section tests
- 3Rehearse the transfer window: 3 minutes at Levels 1 and 2, 5 minutes at Levels 3 to 6
- 4Shadow the audio afterwards to close the gap between what you recognise on the page and what you catch by ear
- 5Log every item you lost to speed rather than vocabulary, and treat those two failure types separately
- 1Time your reading section against the real budget: 60 seconds per item at Level 4, 60 at Level 5, 60 at Level 6
- 2Do the largest reading subsection alone under its share of the clock, for example the 20-item Level 4 section 3
- 3Rebuild the grammar patterns for your level from the grammar syllabus published in the same CLEC document
- 4Reread every passage you got wrong and mark whether the error was vocabulary, grammar, or misread question
- 5Continue the daily vocabulary quota without interruption
- 1If you are taking a paper test, write every practice answer by hand, since the paper writing section is handwriting
- 2Drill the writing-character list to production standard, 100 characters through Level 2 and 150 more per level after that
- 3Time the writing section against its budget: 15 minutes for 10 items at Level 3, 25 for 15 at Level 4, 40 for 10 at Level 5, 45 for 1 task at Level 6
- 4Rewrite one previous answer cleanly to see how much of the loss was legibility rather than language
- 5If you are taking an internet-based test, practise typing Chinese at speed instead, because handwriting will not be required
- 1Sit a complete official sample paper end to end, including the 5 minutes for personal information
- 2Score each section out of 100 and compare against 60 percent, the ratio the published pass marks imply at Levels 1 to 4
- 3Decide now whether to step down a level rather than fail the target one, since scores are valid for two years either way
- 4Register for a test date, checking the CTI 2026 calendar and the registration deadline, which falls about 3 to 4 weeks before a paper test and about 10 days before an internet-based test
- 5Upload a compliant photo at registration: taken within 6 months, colour, bareheaded, white background preferred, jpg between 50kb and 500kb
- 1Spend the whole week on the section furthest from 60 percent rather than spreading the effort
- 2For listening, work through older sample papers at 1.0 speed only, adding no artificial slowdown
- 3For reading, cut your per-item time by 10 seconds and accept the accuracy dip for a few sittings
- 4For writing, produce one full section per day and grade against the sample answers
- 5Keep the vocabulary quota running as maintenance, not as the main activity
- 1Check whether your registration requires the matching speaking test, as the September 2026 trial does for Levels 3 to 6
- 2Match the level: Elementary assumes about 200 words, Intermediate about 900, Advanced about 3,000, per CTI
- 3Drill listen and repeat, which carries 15 of 27 items at Elementary, 10 of 14 at Intermediate, and 3 of 6 at Advanced
- 4Practise using the preparation time: 7 minutes at Elementary, 10 at Intermediate and Advanced
- 5Record yourself through a headset, since the speaking test is delivered as an audio recording and not as a live interview
- 1Sit a second complete sample paper at the same hour of day as your booked exam
- 2Split every error into vocabulary, grammar, speed, or misread instruction, and count the four categories
- 3Attack whichever category is largest for the rest of the week
- 4Reread the CTI test regulations page so the rules are familiar before test day rather than on it
- 5Print or collect your admission ticket, which CTI makes available 5 to 7 days before the test
- 1Rehearse the exact delivery mode you booked: paper with 2B pencils and an eraser, or internet-based with no paper or pencil permitted
- 2For a paper test, practise using centre-issued A4 scratch paper only, since personal scratch paper is banned
- 3For an internet-based test, practise using the on-screen draft area rather than reaching for a pen
- 4Check your admission ticket against your ID: name, gender, date of birth, and ID number must match exactly
- 5Plan to arrive 30 minutes before the start time printed on the admission ticket
- 1Review only your error log and the writing-character list, adding no new material
- 2Do one listening section and one reading section per day to keep the rhythm without exhausting yourself
- 3Reread the topic syllabus for your level as a final orientation to the scenes items are set in
- 4Confirm your start time, which CTI publishes per level: 09:00 for Levels 2, 4, and 6, and 13:30 for Levels 1, 3, and 5
- 5Pack the admission ticket, the original photo ID, and pencils the night before
- 1Sit the exam, keeping the admission ticket afterwards because you need it to check results and order extra reports
- 2Note your result release date: 15 days for internet-based written, 20 for internet-based speaking, 30 for paper
- 3If the release date passes with no result, contact your test centre immediately, since CTI expects the centre to escalate within three days
- 4If you need extra score reports, apply through My Account on the CTI site, where a single application covers up to 10 reports
- 5Diarise the two-year expiry date of the certificate from your exam date
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Best Study Resources
HSK Test Syllabus (新版HSK考试大纲), CLEC
Official syllabus PDFThe November 2025 document with a July 2026 implementation date. It contains the task syllabus, topic syllabus, vocabulary syllabus, character syllabus, and grammar syllabus for every level from 1 to 9, and is the source for the cumulative word counts of 300, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,600, 5,400, and 11,000.
Free
HSK 3.0 Ability Descriptions (HSK3.0考试能力描述), CLEC
Official reference PDFA short document giving the one-sentence ability descriptor for each of the nine levels, from simple exchanges about daily-life scenes at Level 1 to precise, in-depth communication across professional and academic settings at Level 9. Use it to confirm you are aiming at the right level.
Free
HSK 3.0 sample papers (HSK3.0样题)
Official sample papersThe sample material CTI released alongside the new syllabus, downloadable as an archive from the CTI site. The closest available preview of the reshaped exam ahead of the full switch.
Free
CTI download centre past papers and sample papers
Official practice materialThe CTI download page hosts past papers with answers for HSK Levels 1 to 6, sample papers for HSK Levels 7 to 9, and HSK Speaking sample papers. This is the only free source of items written by the exam body itself.
Free
CTI level pages for HSK 1 to 9
Official specificationOne page per level giving the section-by-section item counts, timings, start time, total points, pass mark where one exists, and validity period. Check these before trusting any third-party summary, because the structures changed between HSK versions.
Free
CTI Chinese Test Regulations page
Official policy pageThe complete rules for registration, ID, test day, prohibited items, refunds, deferrals, misconduct penalties, and score investigation. It carries an update date, so you can check whether the rules changed since you last read them.
Free
CTI annual test calendar
Official scheduleThe year calendar listing every HSK, HSK Speaking, YCT, and BCT date with separate registration deadlines for paper and internet-based tests, plus the score release date for each sitting. For 2026 it lists eleven HSK Level 1 to 6 dates and two HSK Level 7 to 9 dates.
Free
HSK mock test service (hskmock.com)
Official online mockThe mock test platform linked from the CTI site under Do A Mock. Useful specifically for rehearsing the internet-based interface, including the on-screen draft area and the ban on cross-section answering.
Free to start
Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education (GF0025-2021)
National standardThe Chinese national standard the whole nine-level framework rests on, and the document CTI names when explaining how HSK Levels 7 to 9 band results are set. Read it if you need to justify an HSK level to an institution unfamiliar with the scale.
Free
CTI online bookstore
Official publicationsThe publications store linked from the CTI service website, carrying official preparation titles. Prefer these over unofficial guides during the syllabus transition, when third-party books are most likely to describe a structure that no longer applies.
Paid, priced per title
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Assuming HSK 5 and HSK 6 have a 180 of 300 pass mark like HSK 3 and HSK 4
They do not. CTI publishes a pass mark of 180 for Levels 3 and 4 and 120 for Levels 1 and 2, but states only the 300-point maximum for Levels 5 and 6 with no threshold. Whatever score you need at those levels is set by the university or employer reading the report, so ask them for the number rather than assuming 60 percent.
Carrying listening answers into the reading section on a paper test
CTI bans cross-section answering outright: once reading begins you may not go back to listening or forward to writing. The published timetable gives 3 minutes at Levels 1 and 2 and 5 minutes at Levels 3 to 6 purely for transferring listening answers. Treat that window as the deadline it is.
Preparing for the written paper and discovering a speaking test on the same day
Under the CTI notice for the 20 September 2026 trial, HSK Levels 3 to 6 must be registered together with the matching speaking level. Check what your registration actually covers, and note the published speaking slots run shortly after the written paper, for example 11:30 for the Level 4 speaking test following a 09:00 written start.
Bringing pencils to an internet-based test
CTI states that candidates taking the computer-based test are not permitted to bring paper or pencils. The system provides an on-screen draft area for some questions instead. Paper candidates must bring two or more 2B pencils and an eraser and may use only the A4 scratch paper the centre issues, which is collected afterwards.
Studying a word list that does not match the exam you booked
The HSK is mid-transition. CLEC published a new Test Syllabus in November 2025 with a July 2026 implementation date, while CTI has so far run global trial administrations rather than a full switch for Levels 1 to 6. Confirm on the CTI level page which structure your booked sitting uses before committing three months to a word list.
Registering under a name that does not match the ID
CTI requires the name, gender, date of birth, and ID number on the admission ticket to match the valid ID exactly, and refuses admission when they do not. No free correction is accepted more than three days after the exam; after that you must pay for a score report correction. Fix any discrepancy with the test centre before test day.
Missing the refund and deferral cliff edges
CTI gives a full refund only up to and including 27 days before the test date. Between 27 and 10 days out the refund drops to 50 percent, and after the 10-day mark nothing is accepted. Deferral follows the same calendar: free within 27 days, then a fee of 30 percent of the test fee, then nothing. A deferred test must be taken within six months and cannot change centre, subject, level, or format.
Practising handwriting when you booked an internet-based test, or typing when you booked paper
The writing section is worth 100 of 300 points from Level 3 upward, and the production method is completely different between the two delivery modes. Decide the mode when you register and rehearse that mode only. The syllabus writing-character lists matter for paper candidates specifically.
Arriving after the start time and assuming you can still sit the paper
CTI admits late candidates to an HSK written test only after the listening section ends, and does not compensate the lost time. Anyone arriving after the reading section starts is refused entry. For speaking tests, any arrival after the start time is refused. The instruction is to be at the centre 30 minutes before the printed start time.
Letting the certificate lapse before the application deadline
HSK score reports are valid for two years from the exam date, and CTI provides no renewal route. If your application cycle runs 18 months after your test date, check the expiry before assuming the certificate still counts, and note that paper results take 30 days to publish and overseas score reports reach the centre about 45 days after the exam.
Exam Day Tips
- 1
Bring the physical admission ticket. CTI requires a printed copy, makes it available 5 to 7 days before the test, and tells you to keep it afterwards because you need it to look up results and order extra score reports.
- 2
Bring the original valid photo ID that matches your registration. Copies are refused. Candidates registering at a centre outside their home country must use a passport; those testing at home may use a passport or original resident identity card.
- 3
If your passport is with an embassy or immigration office for a visa, bring both a copy of the passport and the original visa application receipt. CTI admits you only after verifying both.
- 4
Arrive 30 minutes before the start time printed on the admission ticket. Restrooms are accessible in the waiting area, which matters because there are no breaks once the exam starts.
- 5
For a paper test, bring two or more 2B pencils and an eraser. For an internet-based test, bring neither: paper and pencils are prohibited and the system supplies an on-screen draft area.
- 6
Leave everything else in the storage area. CTI prohibits backpacks, mobile phones, watches, laptops, MP3 players, timers, any device that can record audio, images, or video, food, and water. Prohibited items found in the room mean disqualification with no refund.
- 7
Note your level start time in local time: 09:00 for HSK 2, HSK 4, and HSK 6, and 13:30 for HSK 1, HSK 3, and HSK 5. HSK Levels 7 to 9 runs from 13:00 to 17:10 including the scheduled 30-minute break.
- 8
Do not answer across sections. Once reading begins you cannot return to listening or jump ahead to writing, on either paper or screen. Finish each section inside its own window.
- 9
Wear the headset for the whole speaking test and do not leave the room during it. CTI invalidates the result if you do, with no reschedule or refund. Remove the headphones once the listening section ends.
- 10
If you need a hearing aid or other medical device in the room, apply to the test centre in advance with medical documentation. Medication must be checked by the invigilator and left on the main desk.
- 11
If you must use the restroom mid-test, get the chief examiner's permission and hand over your admission ticket and ID. You will be re-verified and re-screened on return, and the lost time is not given back.
Career Paths & Salary Ranges
Interpreter or translator working between Chinese and another language
The role that maps most directly onto the HSK skill set, and the only one where the Levels 7 to 9 translation section tests the exact task. BLS lists a bachelor's degree as typical entry-level education and projects 2 percent employment growth from 2024 to 2034.
$59,440 median in 2024, per the US Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook
Communications or public relations specialist for a China-facing brand
Employers in this space use HSK as documentary evidence of proficiency, which is one of the four uses CTI names for the certificate alongside study applications, scholarships, and work permits. Reading and writing scores matter more here than listening.
$69,780 median in 2024, per the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook
Sales representative covering Chinese suppliers or buyers
CTI lists proof of proficiency for internship, employment, promotion, and pay progression at Chinese-invested and multinational firms as a stated use of HSK scores. Listening and speaking carry the practical weight, so pair the written test with the HSK Speaking Test.
$74,100 median for wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives in 2024, per the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook
Market research analyst covering Chinese-language sources
Reading is the binding skill: the Levels 7 to 9 reading section is built from news reports, scientific articles, and survey reports, which is close to the daily input of the job. BLS projects 7 percent growth from 2024 to 2034.
$76,950 median in 2024, per the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook
Management consultant advising on China market entry
The Levels 7 to 9 writing tasks, chart description and analysis plus defending an opinion on a set topic, are the closest thing in any language exam to the deliverable this role produces.
$101,190 median for management analysts in 2024, per the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook
Postgraduate student in a Chinese-taught degree programme in China
This is the largest single user group. CTI names admission, graduation, scholarship applications, course exemption, and course credit as recognised uses of HSK scores. Level 4 is the level most Chinese-taught programmes name, and Levels 7 to 9 is aimed explicitly at masters and doctoral students in China.
No official salary figure applies; CTI does not publish stipend data and scholarship amounts are set by the awarding body rather than by the exam board
Prerequisites & Requirements
- No prior qualification, age limit, or course of study is required. Anyone may register for any HSK level, and there is no rule that you must pass a lower level first.
- A CTI service website account. Each email address may hold only one account, and you must log in with that email each time.
- A valid government-issued photo identity document: passport, resident identity card, residence permit, or travel permit, depending on where you test. Candidates testing outside their home country must use a passport.
- A compliant registration photo: taken within the last 6 months, colour, bareheaded, white background preferred, jpg format, between 50kb and 500kb. Hats, headscarves, hair bands, and sunglasses are not allowed except for religious reasons, and edited or AI-altered photos are refused.
- Payment of the test centre's fee. CTI publishes no single global price. CTI-hosted mainland test centre notices list HSK 1 at 150 yuan, HSK 2 at 250, HSK 3 at 350, HSK 4 at 450, HSK 5 at 550, HSK 6 at 650, and the HSK Speaking Test at 200, 300, and 400 yuan for Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced. Overseas centres set their own prices in local currency.
- Registration before the published deadline, which for 2026 falls roughly 3 to 4 weeks before a paper test and about 10 days before an internet-based test.
- For the September 2026 trial administration, candidates at Levels 3 to 6 must register the matching speaking test at the same time.
- Mailing information, required only for candidates registering at test centres in mainland China. Candidates in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or overseas collect score reports from the centre instead.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much does the HSK cost?
It depends on the test centre, because CTI sets no single global price and directs candidates to their local centre. CTI-hosted mainland China test centre notices list 150 yuan for HSK 1, 250 for HSK 2, 350 for HSK 3, 450 for HSK 4, 550 for HSK 5, and 650 for HSK 6, with the HSK Speaking Test at 200, 300, and 400 yuan by level. Overseas centres publish their own prices in local currency, and CTI's cooperation agreements set separate national fee schedules.
How soon can I retake the HSK if I fail?
CTI publishes no waiting period and no cap on attempts for the HSK. In practice the limit is the calendar: for 2026 CTI listed eleven HSK Level 1 to 6 dates and two HSK Level 7 to 9 dates, so the next sitting is usually a few weeks away. One restriction does exist: HSK Level 5 and HSK Level 6 cannot be registered for the same day.
What does a retake cost?
The full test fee again. CTI publishes no discounted retake rate. If you withdraw from a booked sitting rather than fail it, you can recover the fee: a full refund up to and including 27 days before the test date, 50 percent between 27 and 10 days out, and nothing after the 10-day mark. Only one withdrawal application is accepted per registration.
What happens if I miss the exam?
If you are absent for a reason that is not the organiser's fault, the fee is not refunded and no reschedule is offered. The exception is force majeure or sudden illness: you must contact the test centre before the test date with official supporting documents, and for illness a qualified physician must state that you are physically unable to test on that date. A personal statement alone is refused, and nothing is accepted after the test date.
Is there a passing score?
At some levels. HSK 1 and HSK 2 pass at 120 of 200. HSK 3 and HSK 4 pass at 180 of 300. CTI publishes no pass mark for HSK 5 or HSK 6, reporting only the section scores and a total out of 300. The HSK Speaking Test passes at 60 of 100 at every level. HSK Levels 7 to 9 has no pass mark and instead returns a band.
How does the HSK score scale work?
Levels 1 and 2 award 100 points each for listening and reading, totalling 200. Levels 3 to 6 award 100 points each for listening, reading, and writing, totalling 300. The HSK Speaking Test is out of 100. Levels 7 to 9 works differently: CTI estimates ability with an item response theory model from your raw scores, converts each of listening, reading, writing, translation, and speaking to a reported 0 to 100 score, and assigns one of four bands.
How long are HSK scores valid?
Two years from the exam date. CTI states this on every level page and in the regulations. There is no renewal, no continuing-education credit, and no reinstatement: the only way to hold a current certificate after two years is to take the exam again.
When do results come out?
15 days after an internet-based written test, 20 days after an internet-based speaking test, and 30 days after a paper-based test. Statutory holidays push the date back, sometimes by a week. Check results on the CTI service website using your admission ticket number and name. If the published date passes with nothing showing, contact your test centre, which CTI expects to escalate within three days.
When do I get the physical certificate?
In mainland China the score report is couriered within 5 working days of the score release to the mailing address you gave at registration, and CTI destroys it if the courier cannot reach you. At centres in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, or overseas, reports arrive at the test centre about 45 days after the exam and you collect them in person.
What ID do I need?
An original government-issued photo identity document valid in the country where you test: passport, resident identity card, residence permit, or travel permit. Copies are refused. If you register at a centre outside your home country you must use a passport. The name, gender, date of birth, and ID number must match your admission ticket exactly, or you will not be admitted.
Can I take the HSK at home?
Yes, where your chosen test centre offers it. CTI lists three delivery modes on its search tool: paper-based, internet-based at a test centre, and internet-based at home. Availability is set per centre rather than globally, so filter by mode when you search for a sitting. HSK Levels 7 to 9 is internet-based only.
What can I bring into the room?
The admission ticket, your ID, and, for a paper test only, two or more 2B pencils and an eraser. Nothing else. CTI prohibits backpacks, phones, watches, laptops, MP3 players, timers, any recording-capable device, food, and water. Essential medication is allowed with invigilator approval and must be left on the main desk.
Can I use scratch paper or a dictionary?
No dictionary, at any level. On a paper test you may use only the A4 scratch paper the centre provides, and it must be handed back at the end; personal scratch paper is banned. On an internet-based test you may not bring paper or pencils at all, and the system supplies an on-screen draft area for some questions.
Are accommodations available?
CTI publishes one specific route: candidates who need a medical device such as a hearing aid in the test room must apply to the test centre in advance with a medical diagnosis document, and without that approval the device is refused. Religious headwear is permitted in the registration photo. Beyond these, CTI does not publish a general accommodations policy, so contact the test centre directly before registering.
What if I do not like my score?
Apply for a score review through the My Account area of the CTI service website. CTI runs its own investigations too, triggered by a mismatch between measured proficiency and score, by a reported irregularity at the venue, or by random technical verification. Those reviews take 2 to 8 weeks, during which the score is withheld or temporarily pulled, and in some cases CTI requires a retest within about a month of the score release.
How many score reports can I order?
Up to 10 in a single application, made through My Account on the CTI service website. You need the admission ticket details to apply, which is why CTI tells you to keep the ticket after the exam. You can also apply through the same route to correct personal information printed on a report, though no free correction is accepted more than three days after the exam.
How does HSK 4 compare with HSK 5?
The gap is larger than the numbering suggests. Vocabulary in the November 2025 CLEC syllabus rises from 2,000 cumulative words at Level 4 to 3,600 at Level 5, and from 1,200 to 2,500 under the older lists still used for regular sittings. Either way it is the biggest single step in the lower six levels. Reading grows from 40 items in 40 minutes to 45 items in 45 minutes, and writing moves from 15 items in 25 minutes to 10 items in 40 minutes, meaning longer pieces of production. Level 4 also has a published pass mark of 180 of 300, while Level 5 has none.
How does the HSK compare with HSK Levels 7 to 9?
Levels 1 to 6 are six separate exams testing listening, reading, and writing, each returning a score out of 200 or 300. Levels 7 to 9 is a single 210-minute internet-based exam of 98 items that adds translation and speaking, returns five 0 to 100 skill scores, and places you in one of four bands rather than passing or failing you. CTI aims it at masters and doctoral students in China, Chinese majors abroad, and professionals working in Chinese.
Do I have to take the speaking test?
It depends on the sitting. The HSK Speaking Test is a separate exam with its own 0 to 100 score and its own 60-point pass mark. For the 20 September 2026 trial administration, CTI required Levels 3 to 6 candidates to register the matching speaking level at the same time. Check the notice for the specific date you book rather than assuming the written paper stands alone.
What is the HSK pass rate?
CTI does not publish a pass rate for any HSK level. It publishes item counts, timings, score maxima, and pass marks for Levels 1 to 4, but no outcome statistics. Any percentage you see quoted for HSK pass rates does not come from the exam board.
What happens if I am caught cheating?
The chief examiner terminates the exam and the result is invalidated. Impersonation carries a two-year ban from the test on top of invalidation. Copying, photographing, or recording questions, or attempting to remove papers, brings one warning and then termination. Cheating covers bringing electronic devices or test-related materials into the room and communicating with anyone inside or outside it.
Is the exam changing?
Yes. CLEC published a new HSK Test Syllabus in November 2025 with an implementation date of July 2026, built on the nine-level framework of the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education (GF0025-2021). CTI has run global trial administrations, with a second one scheduled for 20 September 2026 and registration opened on 3 August 2026. CTI states that the new version changes question types, question counts, test duration, and listening speed. Until the full switch is announced, check the CTI level page for the structure that applies to the sitting you booked.
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